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Pharmacology & anatomy, told through stories and real-world examples.

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Latest articles

How the Body Handles a Drug: The ADME Story

You swallow one small tablet for a fever. Over the next eight hours that tablet is absorbed, carried, chemically rebuilt, and finally thrown out — a four-act journey the body performs on every drug you ever take. Learn the four acts (ADME) and one simple curve, and you can predict how fast a drug works, how long it lasts, and why the same dose can be safe in one patient and toxic in another.

14 min read

Every Door Into the Body: Routes of Administration

The same drug can save a life in ten seconds or ten minutes — depending only on which door you send it through. Swallowed, injected, inhaled, slipped under the tongue, or stuck to the skin: each route trades speed for safety, convenience for control. Learn the doors and you'll understand why a code-blue drug goes in a vein while a nicotine patch goes on an arm.

15 min read

The Drug's Journey: What Absorption Really Is, and How a Drug Crosses Your Cells

You swallow a tablet for a headache. It doesn't know where your head is. Yet 30 minutes later the pain fades. Between the swallow and the relief lies one of the most underestimated journeys in medicine — absorption. Let's follow the drug, step by step, and never forget how it works.

13 min read

What Controls How Much and How Fast: pH, pKa, First-Pass and Bioavailability

In Part 1 the drug learned HOW to cross a membrane. Now the harder question: why does the same drug act in 15 minutes on an empty stomach but 45 after a meal — and why is a tiny nitroglycerin tablet placed under the tongue instead of swallowed? The answers are pH, surface area, blood flow, formulation, and the liver's first tax. Master these and you can predict a drug's behaviour before you ever prescribe it.

15 min read

Where Drugs Travel: Distribution & Plasma Protein Binding

Once a drug reaches the blood, the journey isn't over — it's just beginning. The bloodstream is a highway, but most of a drug never rides free: it hitches onto blood proteins like passengers strapped into seats, and only the few standing by the doors can actually step off and work. Understand who rides bound and who rides free, and you'll understand why one tiny new pill can suddenly make a patient on warfarin bleed.

15 min read

Barriers, Reservoirs & Volume of Distribution

Why does an anaesthetic put a patient to sleep in one arm–brain circulation, then let them wake up minutes later — even though the drug is still in their body? Why can a single number, sometimes larger than the whole human body, tell you how big a starting dose to give? This is the strange, beautiful logic of barriers, hiding places, and the volume of distribution.

15 min read